Golok Conflicts
1917–49 Stalemate

The Golok Conflicts were a series of military campaigns against unconquered Golok tribal Tibetan areas of Qinghai, undertaken by two Hui commanders, Gen. Ma Qi and Gen. Ma Bufang, on behalf of the Beiyang and Kuomintang governments of the Republic of China. The campaigns lasted between 1917 and 1949. The conflict was spurred by multiple factors, notably for economic and socio-political reasons (including intertribal tensions) rather than by any racial or religious enmity.