Battle of South Shanxi
1941 Japanese victory

The Battle of South Shanxi was one of the 22 major engagements between the National Revolutionary Army and the Imperial Japanese Army during the Second Sino-Japanese War (1937–1945). At the onset of the battle, KMT-CPC relations were at a low point following the still recent New Fourth Army incident in early 1941. As a result, the nearby 8th Route Army refused to assist the surrounded Nationalists. South Shanxi would later be remembered in China as one of the worst defeats of the entire war.